Ulan Bator

Ulan Bator (монг. Улаанбаатар) — capital of Mongolia. It is located in a river Tola valley, at height of 1300-1350 m. It is allocated in an independent administrative unit. The area 4704,4 sq. km, the population of 989,9 thousand people (February 2007) [1]. Co-ordinates: 47°550 with. ш. 106°55? Century д.

The city has been based in 1639 under name Оргоо (монг. "Palace", from here there was a name «Урга», applied in the Russian and European literature to 1924) as буддистский a monastery. From 2nd half was wandering (with 1778 — settled) residence манчжурского the deputy and an administrative centre of External Mongolia. With 1706 was called Them-huree (монг. «The great monastery»), with 1911 — Nijslel-huree (монг. «The capital monastery»). In 1924 has been renamed into Ulan Bator.

The name "Ulan Bator" is meant on Mongolian by "the Red athlete», has appeared in honour of Suhe-Batoraa which has released Mongolia from groups of baron Ungerna and the Chinese armies.

The city of Ulan Bator with vicinities forms an independent administrative unit (the official name "Улсын нийслэл" - "state Capital"), divided on 9 areas (д?? рэг); areas are divided for quarters-microdistricts (хороо). The territory, находящяяся under administration managerial control of the mayoralty of Ulan Bator includes besides actually city with building of city type (5-storeyed and 9-storeyed typical apartment houses, structures of various establishments and the organisations, industrial, траспортных the enterprises etc.) Also the new quarters which have arisen after 1990 of building developing of mainly one-storeyed inhabited and economic constructions, and also a considerable quantity of yurtas. New quarters of such mixed building form "протуберанцы" along valleys of inflows of the river Tola, is more subcentral cities rise on slopes of hills. So the length of a strip of the building which is going down from the north to city centre along a valley of the river the Selbe-goal makes apprx. 25 km. New areas are connected to the centre fixed-route taxi lines. Last years building of modern inhabited and office buildings and complexes develops, there are modern individual cottages. The structure of territory of Ulan Bator includes foothills хр. Хэнтэй, rising on height to 2181 m and bordering a city from the north and the east, and also, separated from this ridge the river Tola, hills Богд Хаан Уул (2268, representing a southern bordering of a city. Моногочисленные tourist bases are located in mountains Hentej (нац. Park Gorhi Terelzh), and also in file Богд Хаан Уул (the reserve with the same name).

The city is transport knot. Station the Uhlan-Batorsky of the railway. There is international airport Chingis хаан on the Bujant-ear.

Ulan Bator makes about half of total industrial output of the country. The industry: factory of trailers, a group of industrial enterprises on processing of animal raw materials, a meat-packing plant, metalcutting, деревообрабатывающая, house-building, food, etc.

Scientific and cultural establishments:

АН Mongolia, universities, 4 theatres, museums.